Card Sorting
A research method where users organize information into groups and name the categories, revealing how they naturally think about your product or content structure.
What It Is
Card sorting is a hands-on research technique where participants arrange labeled cards (representing features, content, or concepts) into groups that make sense to them. Open card sorting lets users create their own categories; closed card sorting tests a structure you've already proposed. The result shows patterns in how real people mentally organize information.
Why It Matters for Startups
Startups often guess at information architecture—how to organize navigation, features, or content. Card sorting replaces guessing with data. It uncovers whether your mental model matches your users', catches confusing category names before launch, and validates navigation decisions before expensive development work begins. This is especially valuable when you're deciding between competing organizational approaches.
What to Look For in an Agency
Look for agencies that conduct both open and closed sessions (not just one), clearly explain their participant recruitment and sample size, and provide actionable insights beyond raw percentages. The best agencies analyze trends, spot disagreement areas, and translate findings into specific design recommendations you can implement immediately.
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Wireframe
A low-fidelity visual blueprint that maps out page structure, content placement, and user flow before design or development begins. Wireframes focus on functionality and layout, not aesthetics.
Prototype
A working model or early version of a product used to test ideas, validate concepts, and gather feedback before full development. Prototypes range from simple sketches to functional interactive models.
Usability Testing
Usability testing involves observing real users interacting with your product to identify friction points, confusion, and opportunities for improvement before launch.